D墨铸铁玻璃模具的组织与性能研究

研究对玻璃模具用D型石墨铸铁的化学成分进行了合理设计和优选。结果表明,显微组织、抗氧化、抗生长和热疲劳抗力等性能,均有显著的改善和提高。经工业性试验,模具的寿命成倍提高。     

粉煤灰中的微珠特征及形成机理探讨

本文利用现代分析测试技术，对华能南京电厂粉煤灰中的玻璃微珠的一些物理性质和微结构特征，如形貌、粒径分布、颗粒类型、矿物相种类和含量、漂珠的丰度、微珠的密度和壳壁厚度以及热稳定性等，进行了详细研究，并对空心微珠的成因机制进行了讨论。     

膨胀石墨吸附材料在环境保护中的应用

介绍了膨胀石墨吸附材料的特点、结合国内外研究资料和我们对膨胀石墨吸附性能的研究，重点分析了这种新型吸附材料在环境保护中的各种用途     

真菌(Aspergillus sp.)吸附Cu2+的研究

利用真菌Aspergillus sp.制备生物吸附剂,吸附重金属离子铜,实验分析了影响吸附率和吸附量的因素,结果表明,优化条件下,30℃, pH值5.0,起始Cu2+浓度50mg/L,摇床转速150r/min,经1mol/L NaOH预处理的吸附剂用量为5g/L,吸附时间45min,该吸附剂对Cu2+的吸附率达到92.22%.通过细胞显微观察和X-射线光电子能谱技术手段推断该菌细胞壁是Cu2+ 吸附的主要部位.     

贵州省洪家渡电站K40溶洞封堵处理方法分析

本文对贵州省洪家渡电站K40溶洞封堵处理设计与施工进行了分析,并提出了岩溶地区复杂地质条件的处理方法。即在查清地质条件的基础上,采用分区处理,多种工程手段相结合的措施。     

The role of glomalin, a protein produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, in sequestering potentially toxic elements

Naturally occurring soil organic compounds stabilize potentially toxic elements (PTEs) such as Cu, Cd, Pb, and Mn. The hypothesis of this work was that an insoluble glycoprotein, glomalin, produced in copious amounts on hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) sequesters PTEs. Glomalin can be extracted from laboratory cultures of AMF and from soils. Three different experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 showed that glomalin extracted from two polluted soils contained 1.6-4.3 mg Cu, 0.02-0.08 mg Cd, and 0.62-1.12 mg Pb/g glomalin. Experiment 2 showed that glomalin from hyphae of an isolate of Gigaspora rosea sequestered up to 28 mg Cu/g in vitro. Experiment 3 tested in vivo differences in Cu sequestration by Cu-tolerant and non-tolerant isolates of Glomus mosseae colonizing sorghum. Plants were fed with nutrient solution containing 0.5, 10 or 20 microM of Cu. Although no differences between isolates were detected, mean values for the 20 microM Cu level were 1.6, 0.4, and 0.3 mg Cu/g for glomalin extracted from hyphae, from sand after removal of hyphae and from hyphae attached to roots, respectively. Glomalin should be considered for biostabilization leading to remediation of polluted soils.     

基于空气幕与排烟系统的隧道火灾烟气控制研究*

为研究隧道火灾时空气幕与排烟系统复合模式下的烟气蔓延规律,优化选择防排烟方式,以某越江隧道为研究对象,运用FDS数值模拟方法探究射流速度、排烟量和空气幕与排烟口间距对防排烟效果的影响。结果表明:空气幕与排烟口间距对射流特性与烟气蔓延有较强影响,间距为30 m的控烟效果最佳;空气幕与机械排烟复合作用的控烟效果远优于每个独立系统,可实现可靠挡烟和有效排烟;当火源功率20 MW时,随空气幕射流速度的增加挡烟效果有所增加,但射流速度不宜过大,取20~30 m/s;机械排烟对温度与可见度影响比空气幕作用效果显著,一定程度上增加排烟量可降低所需气幕射流速度;综合考虑防排烟的有效性和经济性,取射流速度为20 m/s、排烟量为100 m3/s为最优防排烟组合方式。     

带内锥的方形扩散式分离器壁面磨损的数值分析

运用数值模拟方法对带内锥的方形扩散式旋风分离器壁面关键部位的磨损情况进行了数值模拟。气固相研究分别采用雷诺应力模型和随机轨道模型。计算结果显示,分离器内磨损比较严重的部位主要有：分离器顶盖、圆筒段、方形扩散段下部、反射锥外壁面、反射锥内壁面下部、灰斗及灰斗上部方形段。最严重的是反射锥外壁面、灰斗及灰斗上部方形段等几个部位。     

地面注浆控制井壁破裂变形的理论与实践

阐述地面注浆控制井壁破裂变形的机理,并就具体工程进行分析。根据对井壁混凝土应变、地表变形、注浆帷幕测试结果,注浆前、第一阶段注浆、第二阶段注浆、注浆后的4个阶段内,井壁竖向附加应变分别经历了增加100με、缓释200με、再缓释200με、最终缓释200με的变化过程。与此同时,工业广场地表经历了抬升(对应与第一阶段注浆)、稳定(对应于间歇期)、再抬升(对应于第二阶段注浆)和稍降(对应于注浆后)的过程,地面最终抬升约稳定在70~80mm之间。利用高频应力波检测注浆体,笔者认为注浆帷幕交圈闭合较好,平均厚度近7.6m。研究表明,地面注浆加固能有效地改善井壁的受力状态,对井壁既有应变有显著缓释作用,对矿井疏排水造成的井壁附加应变的增长有明显抑制作用,从而起到维护井筒安全的作用。     

Copper availability and bioavailability are controlled by rhizosphere pH in rape grown in an acidic Cu-contaminated soil

We evaluated how root-induced changes in rhizosphere pH varied and interacted with Cu availability and bioavailability in an acidic soil. Rape was grown on a Cu-contaminated acidic soil, which had been limed at 10 rates. Soil Cu bioavailability was not influenced by liming. However, liming significantly decreased CaCl₂-extracted Cu for pH between 3.7 and 5.1. Little effect was found for pH above 5.1. For soil pH < 4.4, CaCl₂-Cu contents were smaller in rhizosphere than uncropped soil. Rhizosphere alkalisation occurred at pH < 4.8, while acidification occurred at greater pH. This explained the changes of CaCl₂-Cu in the rhizosphere at low pH and the absence of pH dependency of Cu bioavailability to rape. In addition, apoplastic Cu in roots increased with increasing soil pH, most probably as a result of increased dissociation and affinity of cell wall compounds for Cu.